Persistence of infectious Enterovirus within free-living amoebae - A novel waterborne risk pathway?

Water Research
Nikki D AtanasovaNicholas J Ashbolt

Abstract

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are phagocytic protozoa found in natural and engineered water systems. They can form disinfectant-resistant cysts, which can harbor various human pathogenic bacteria, therefore providing them with a means of environmental persistence and dispersion through water distribution and other engineered water systems. The association of FLA with human viruses has been raised, but the limited data on the persistence of infectious virions within amoebae leaves this aspect unresolved. Enteroviruses can cause a wide range of illness and replicate in human respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, both of which could be exposed through contact with contaminated waters if virus detection and removal are compromised by virion internalization in free-living protozoa. This is especially problematic for high-risk contaminants, such as coxsackieviruses, representative members of the Enterovirus genus that are likely infectious at low doses and cause a variety of symptoms to a vulnerable portion of the population (particularly infants). To investigate Enterovirus persistence within free-living amoebae we co-cultured an infectious clinical coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) isolate, with the commonly reported tap water amoeba Vermamo...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 14, 2019·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Qiaozhi LiNicholas J Ashbolt
Jan 9, 2020·Food and Environmental Virology·P WaldmanS Wurtzer
Jan 22, 2019·Reviews in Medical Microbiology : a Journal of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland·Antonio TonioloEle Ferrannini
Mar 19, 2021·NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes·Rafik DeyNicholas J Ashbolt
Jul 15, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Niveen S IsmailTamar Kohn
May 15, 2021·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·Ruqaiyyah SiddiquiNaveed Ahmed Khan

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