Persistent Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Domestic and Wild Small Ruminants and Camelids Including the Mountain Goat (Oreamnos americanus)

Frontiers in Microbiology
Danielle D NelsonJames F Evermann

Abstract

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus best known for causing a variety of disease syndromes in cattle, including gastrointestinal disease, reproductive insufficiency, immunosuppression, mucosal disease, and hemorrhagic syndrome. The virus can be spread by transiently infected individuals and by persistently infected animals that may be asymptomatic while shedding large amounts of virus throughout their lifetime. BVDV has been reported in over 40 domestic and free-ranging species, and persistent infection has been described in eight of those species: white-tailed deer, mule deer, eland, mousedeer, mountain goats, alpacas, sheep, and domestic swine. This paper reviews the various aspects of BVDV transmission, disease syndromes, diagnosis, control, and prevention, as well as examines BVDV infection in domestic and wild small ruminants and camelids including mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus).

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Citations

Dec 23, 2016·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·L Elvira PartidaF Esperón
Nov 12, 2018·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Caitlin A EvansM Carolyn Gates
Apr 8, 2020·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene·Agata Stobnicka-KupiecMarcin Cyprowski
Sep 14, 2020·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Saúl Jiménez-RuizMaría A Risalde
Mar 7, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Wenying ZhangHengbo Shi
Jun 5, 2021·Veterinary World·W HidayatR Wasito

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
PCR

Related Concepts

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