Perspectives on the interlinked nature of systemic sclerosis and reflux disease

Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Adam ChwieskoS Sierakowski

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem connective tissue disease, characterized by chronic inflammation and vascular changes that result in esophageal smooth muscle atrophy and fibrosis. Subsequent progressive loss of peristalsis in the distal esophagus and loss of lower esophageal sphincter function lead to problems with the protective barrier and exposure of sensitive tissues to the gastroduodenal contents, a disorder called reflux disease. Areas covered: Depending on the range, nature and symptoms of the disease, the term 'reflux disease' may refer to gastroesophageal reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux, microaspiration into the airways and silent reflux. Despite the links between these visceral complications, this connection remains controversial. This is due to a lack of complete understanding, the asymptomatic nature of the disease and the limited diagnostic accuracy of tests, which can delay diagnosis. Such delays are problematic, given that the early detection of GERD in SSc patients, the timing of assessment, the treatment of the organs involved are critical aspects of patient prognosis and disease outcome. Expert commentary: This review summarizes the most recent knowledge about the pathophysiology, diagnosis and pros...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 21, 2021·Current Opinion in Rheumatology·David RoofehDinesh Khanna
Aug 27, 2021·World Journal of Clinical Cases·Adan Luquez-MindiolaAndres Jose Gómez-Aldana
Oct 11, 2021·Rheumatology and Therapy·Bo LiXuan Wang

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