PET/CT in radiation oncology

Seminars in Oncology
Rosa FontiSilvana Del Vecchio

Abstract

The progressive integration of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in radiation therapy has its rationale in the biological intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity of malignant lesions that require the individual adjustment of radiation dose to obtain an effective local tumor control in cancer patients. PET/CT provides information on the biological features of tumor lesions such as metabolism, hypoxia, and proliferation that can identify radioresistant regions and be exploited to optimize treatment plans. Here, we provide an overview of the basic principles of PET-based target volume selection and definition using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and then we focus on the emerging strategies of dose painting and adaptive radiotherapy using different tracers. Previous studies provided consistent evidence that integration of 18F-FDG PET/CT in radiotherapy planning improves delineation of target volumes and reduces the uncertainties and variabilities of anatomical delineation of tumor sites. PET-based dose painting and adaptive radiotherapy are feasible strategies although their clinical implementation is highly demanding and requires strong technical, computational, and logistic efforts. Further p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2020·Molecular Oncology·Vincent GrégoireDaniel Zips
Oct 2, 2020·Journal of Nuclear Cardiology : Official Publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology·Diwakar Jain
Nov 29, 2020·European Radiology·Manuel Piñeiro-FielPablo Aguiar
Mar 7, 2021·Diagnostics·Manuel Piñeiro-FielPablo Aguiar
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marcin ZiemniakBeata Pająk

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