Pharmacokinetic approach for optimizing gentamicin use in neonates during the first week of life.

Indian Journal of Pharmacology
Ahmed S AliKhalid A Al-Faify

Abstract

Gentamicin is an essential drug for the treatment of sepsis in neonates. The current work aims to optimize the use of gentamicin in neonates during the first week of life. The study was done at King Abdul-Aziz university hospital. Seventy-three neonates who received gentamicin 4-5 mg/kg and dosing interval at 24-48 hr were enrolled. Peak and trough serum levels of gentamicin were determined by immunoassay. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated assuming one compartment model and first order elimination kinetic. Analysis of variance was used to test the difference between means using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 13. About 73% of the patients attained peak gentamicin level within therapeutic range (6-12μg/ml), while 12% showed potentially toxic trough level (>2 μg /ml). The incidence of trough level was higher among patients receiving the drug every 24 hr. There was no clear correlation between high trough level and serum creatinine. High volume of distribution (Vd) of gentamicin (0.40-0.45) L/kg was observed. Neonates with proven sepsis showed higher mean Vd. Those with extremely low birth weight showed significantly longer half life of 11.5 h. Other neonates showed half life of (8-9) hr. Gentami...Continue Reading

References

Mar 1, 1985·The Journal of Pediatrics·G J Schwartz, B Gauthier
Oct 25, 2000·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·M J RochaA C Falcão
Dec 21, 2004·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·M LingvallR Broadbent
Apr 29, 2005·Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition·E NestaasK-O Wathne
Mar 3, 2009·Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics·Brian J Anderson, Nick H G Holford

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Citations

May 21, 2016·The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT : the Official Journal of PPAG·Jeffrey GonzalezCharles Mercier
Oct 9, 2013·BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine·Priyanka DharShashi Bala Singh
May 13, 2015·The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT : the Official Journal of PPAG·Yee Shan LowAngeline Sl Wan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCA

Software Mentioned

Office Excel
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences ( SPSS )

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