Pharmacokinetic, residue and irritation aspects of chloramphenicol sodium succinate and a chloramphenicol base formulation following intramuscular administration to ruminants

The Veterinary Quarterly
J F NouwsP J Guelen

Abstract

The disposition of chloramphenicol (CAP) and of its glucuronide metabolite in plasma and milk was studied following a single intramuscular injection of a chloramphenicol base formulation (Amicol Forte; product A) and of chloramphenicol sodium succinate (product B) to dairy cows. The dose applied of both formulations was equivalent to 50 mg CAP base/kg body weight. The HPLC determined CAP concentrations were microbiologically active. Product A revealed 30% higher plasma CAP peak concentrations (13.0 vs 9.0 micrograms/ml) and 36% larger areas under the plasma concentration-time curves than product B, whereas their absorption and elimination half-lives were of the same order of magnitude. In the onset phase (during 4 h p.i.) unhydrolysed CAP sodium succinate could be detected in plasma and the glucuronide fraction was 26% of the parent drug. After 25 h p.i. the glucuronide fraction equalled that of the parent drug. The maximum CAP concentration in milk was for product B equal to, and for product A 80% of, the CAP plasma concentration. In milk no chloramphenicol glucuronide metabolites could be detected. HPLC methods for detecting ultra-trace CAP concentrations in edible tissues were developed by the employment of extraction with o...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1975·Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin. Reihe A·K De Corte-Baeten, M Debackere
Jan 1, 1984·The Veterinary Quarterly·N HaagsmaB G Gortemaker
Sep 1, 1982·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·J J Van der LeeF W Bloemendal

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Citations

Jan 1, 1993·Veterinary Research Communications·N MestorinoJ O Errecalde
Jul 23, 1998·Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin. Reihe A·O N Mestorino, J O Errecalde
Dec 1, 1986·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·S M AnikaA S van Miert
Oct 1, 1988·The Veterinary Quarterly·J F NouwsM M Aerts
Dec 12, 2020·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ)Friederike Hilbert
Jul 9, 2021·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Irma E A BongersTina Zuidema

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