Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for unfractionated heparin dosing during cardiopulmonary bypass

British Journal of Anaesthesia
X DelavenneL Gergelé

Abstract

High-dose heparin is used during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to prevent thrombosis in the circuits used for extracorporeal circulation. The aim of this study was, initially, to develop a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to assess the variability of PK/PD parameters and their correlation with the results of the routine haemostatic test activated clotting time (ACT) and thereafter to develop a Bayesian estimator enabling an individualized dosing strategy. Fifty consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB were included in the study. Heparin was administered as an initial bolus of 300 IU kg -1 followed by additional boluses of 5000 IU to maintain ACT <400 s. In total, 361 blood samples were collected. The PK and PD data were analysed using a non-linear mixed effect model. A two-compartment model with a linear elimination link to an E max model best described heparin anti-factor Xa activities and ACT. Covariate analysis showed that body weight was positively correlated with clearance and central compartment volume. Inclusion of body weight with these parameters decreased their variability by 11 and 15%, respectively. The Bayesian estimator performed well in predicting individual parameters in an...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1992·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·A H Thomson, B Whiting
Apr 1, 1981·Scandinavian Journal of Haematology·S StenbjergO K Albrechtsen
Feb 9, 2011·The AAPS Journal·Martin BergstrandMats O Karlsson
Feb 7, 2012·Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery·Sonia RasoliAntonios Kourliouros
Feb 2, 2015·Journal of Translational Medicine·Zaishen JiaXiaotong Hou
Mar 31, 2015·Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia·Fredrik Ödling DavidssonStaffan Svenmarker

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