PMID: 11920787Mar 29, 2002Paper

Pharmacokinetics of acyclovir in immunocompromized children with leukopenia and mucositis after chemotherapy: can intravenous acyclovir be substituted by oral valacyclovir?

Medical and Pediatric Oncology
Staffan EksborgStefan Söderhäll

Abstract

The efficacy of oral acyclovir, a purine nucleoside analogue with activity against human herpes viruses, is limited as a result of its low bioavailability. Valacyclovir, the L-valyl ester of acyclovir, has been developed as a pro-drug to improve the bioavailability. The aim of the present study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of acyclovir after intravenous administration and after oral administration of valacyclovir. The pharmacokinetics of acyclovir were studied in 18 children aged 1.4-18.1 years (median: 6.9 years; 9 females) after intravenous infusion (1 hr; median dose: 10.5 mg/kg). In 10 of the children the pharmacokinetics of acyclovir were also studied after oral administration of valacyclovir (median dose: 34.1 mg/kg). Quantification of acyclovir in serum was performed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed by pharmacokinetic modelling. The serum concentration versus time curves of acyclovir were described by the two compartment model after intravenous administration and by the one compartment model with a zero- or first-order absorption phase after oral administration of valacyclovir. The bioavailability of acyclovir after oral administration ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 28, 2002·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·David NadalStephen Weller
Jan 19, 2005·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Lynne M MofensonCathy Wilfert
Jun 19, 2008·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Lisa BomgaarsSusan Blaney
Oct 21, 2009·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·S LundebergS Eksborg
Nov 27, 2004·Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America·Richard L Doty, Steven M Bromley
Aug 7, 2004·Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing : Official Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses·Marilyn Hockenberry
Dec 22, 2006·Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy·Suzanne LuckSian M Jenkins
Apr 22, 2008·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·J ArnalD M Barends
Feb 28, 2008·Drug Safety : an International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Drug Experience·Richard L DotySteven M Bromley

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