PMID: 8587154Oct 1, 1995Paper

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after single intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections in lactating cows

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
L KaartinenS Pyörälä

Abstract

Five Ayrshire cows were given enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg body weight) intravenously (i.v.), intramuscularly (i.m.) and subcutaneously (s.c.). The antimicrobial activity was measured in milk and serum samples using the agar-diffusion technique. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was used to study the extent of metabolism of enrofloxacin to ciprofloxacin. Analysis of the serum concentration-time data was based on statistical moment theory. Mean t1/2 beta of antimicrobial activity in serum was 1.7, 5.9 and 5.6 h after i.v., i.m. and s.c. administration, respectively. Both i.m. and s.c. routes were associated with a marked flip-flop phenomenon. Based on HPLC analysis of serum samples, the half-lives of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were approximately the same. A marked proportion of enrofloxacin was metabolized to ciprofloxacin. The enrofloxacin fraction bound in vitro to serum proteins was 36-45%. About 0.2% of the total enrofloxacin dose was found in milk during the first 24 h and the amount transferred did not depend on the route of administration. Based on the HPLC data, enrofloxacin concentration in milk was parallel to that in serum, while ciprofloxacin was concentrated in milk. After i.v. injection, the peak con...Continue Reading

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