Pharmacokinetics of Penicillin G in Preterm and Term Neonates

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Helgi PadariIrja Lutsar

Abstract

Group B streptococci are common causative agents of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS). Pharmacokinetic (PK) data for penicillin G have been described for extremely preterm neonates but have been poorly described for late-preterm and term neonates. Thus, evidence-based dosing recommendations are lacking. We describe the PK of penicillin G in neonates with a gestational age (GA) of ≥32 weeks and a postnatal age of <72 h. Penicillin G was administered intravenously at a dose of 25,000 or 50,000 IU/kg of body weight every 12 h (q12h). At steady state, PK blood samples were collected prior to and at 5 min, 1 h, 3 h, 8 h, and 12 h after injection. Noncompartmental PK analysis was performed with WinNonlin software. With those data in combination with data from neonates with a GA of ≤28 weeks, we developed a population PK model using NONMEM software and performed probability of target attainment (PTA) simulations. In total, 16 neonates with a GA of ≥32 weeks were included in noncompartmental analysis. The median volume of distribution (V) was 0.50 liters/kg (interquartile range, 0.42 to 0.57 liters/kg), the median clearance (CL) was 0.21 liters/h (interquartile range, 0.16 to 0.29 liters/kg), and the median half-life was 3.6 h (interqu...Continue Reading

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Apr 21, 2018·Archives of Disease in Childhood·Charlotte I S BarkerMartin Offringa
Feb 20, 2019·Healthcare·John van den Anker, Karel Allegaert
Nov 13, 2020·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Sophie J JansenVincent Bekker

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