Pharmacological stimulation of gastrointestinal motility: where we are and where are we going?

Digestive Diseases
C Scarpignato

Abstract

Drugs affecting gastrointestinal motility have become valuable in the management of a number of diseases. Medications that enhance the transit of material through the gastrointestinal tract are called prokinetics. Although symptom improvement can be seen in a variety of motility disorders, these medications have not shown a selective benefit for a particular motility disturbance or symptom complex. This class of drugs includes several subclasses, each with a distinct mechanism of action. Amongst the existing prokinetic compounds, dopamine antagonists, on the one hand, and cholinomimetic drugs, on the other hand, should be distinguished. Since compounds endowed with dopamine antagonism have the disadvantage of causing neuroendocrine side effects and/or extrapyramidal dyskinetic reactions (seen especially after metoclopramide), the recently developed non-cholinergic non-antidopaminergic compound, cisapride, seems to be the most effective one. Its main mechanism of action is considered to be the stimulation of myenteric cholinergic nerves with consequent increase of acetylcholine release. Recent evidence suggests that blockade of CCK receptors and stimulation of motilin receptors are also promising avenues to increase gastrointest...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 30, 2000·Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology·E M Quigley
Mar 14, 2001·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·C Olsson, S Holmgren
Feb 1, 2009·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·K W Romański
Oct 22, 2005·Journal of Internal Medicine·J R E Fraser, P R Gibson
Dec 8, 2004·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Haseeb Ahmad KhanMohammad Tariq
Jun 27, 2000·Gastroenterology·J E PandolfinoP J Kahrilas
Feb 26, 2020·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Loyane Almeida GamaMadileine Francely Américo
Apr 17, 2012·Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·C Scarpignato
Sep 23, 2021·Science Translational Medicine·Mark L KovlerDavid J Hackam

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