Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: a review of the evidence

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
Kathleen N Franco, Barbara J Messinger-Rapport

Abstract

Systemic review of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of medication efficacy in the treatment of patients diagnosed with dementia and experiencing neuropsychiatric symptoms(hallucinations, delusions, agitation, aggression, combativeness, wandering). Studies were excluded if they reported only depression, if the medication was not available no longer used in the United States, or duplicated another study already included. Medline of English articles between 1966 and June 2004, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and a manual search by the authors for other relevant articles. Diverse outcome measures ranging from global benefit to behavioral rating scales. Some of the 29 reports listed several instruments; in total, 24 rating scales were used. Statistical outcome was described and some, but not all, noted clinical impression. Adverse outcomes were listed. The results were clustered in groups: conventional antipsychotics, atypicals, antidepressants, cholinesterase inhibitors, mood stabilizers, and others. Treatment duration ranged from 17 days to 16 weeks. Types of dementia and levels of severity varied. The authors reported little benefit and some evidence for harm for typ...Continue Reading

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