Pharmacotherapy of HIV-1 Infection: Focus on CCR5 Antagonist Maraviroc.

Clinical Medicine. Therapeutics
Olga LatinovicAlonso Heredia

Abstract

Sustained inhibition of HIV-1, the goal of antiretroviral therapy, is often impeded by the emergence of viral drug resistance. For patients infected with HIV-1 resistant to conventional drugs from the viral reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitor classes, the recently approved entry and integration inhibitors effectively suppress HIV-1 and offer additional therapeutic options. Entry inhibitors are particularly attractive because, unlike conventional antiretrovirals, they target HIV-1 extracellularly, thereby sparing cells from both viral- and drug-induced toxicities. The fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide and the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc are the first entry inhibitors licensed for patients with drug-resistant HIV-1, with maraviroc restricted to those infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 (R5 HIV-1) only. Vicriviroc (another CCR5 antagonist) is in Phase III clinical trials, whereas the CCR5 antibodies PRO 140 and HGS 004 are in early stages of clinical development. Potent antiviral synergy between maraviroc and CCR5 antibodies, coupled with distinct patterns of resistance, suggest their combinations might be particularly effective in patients. In addition, given that oral administration of maraviroc achieves high drug levels in cervic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 16, 2012·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·H ArberasM Plana
Feb 23, 2020·Pharmaceutics·Florina-Daniela CojocaruCosmin-Teodor Mihai

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MOTIVATE
Trofile
geno2pheno

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