Phenotype switching through epigenetic conversion

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
Tiziana A L BreviniFulvio Gandolfi

Abstract

Different cell types have been suggested as candidates for use in regenerative medicine. Embryonic pluripotent stem cells can give rise to all cells of the body and possess unlimited self-renewal potential. However, they are unstable, difficult to control and have a risk of neoplastic transformation. Adult stem cells are safe but have limited proliferation and differentiation abilities and are usually not within easy access. In recent years, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have become a new promising tool in regenerative medicine. However, the use of transgene vectors, commonly required for the induction of iPS cells, seriously limits their use in therapy. The same problem arising from the use of retroviruses is associated with the use of cells obtained through transdifferentiation. Developing knowledge of the mechanisms controlling epigenetic regulation of cell fate has boosted the use of epigenetic modifiers that drive cells into a 'highly permissive' state. We recently set up a new strategy for the conversion of an adult mature cell into another cell type. We increased cell plasticity using 5-aza-cytidine and took advantage of a brief window of epigenetic instability to redirect cells to a different lineage. This approa...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 22, 2020·Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics·G PennarossaT A L Brevini
May 12, 2016·Reproduction, Fertility, and Development·A Van Soom, A Fazeli
Aug 6, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Sharon ArcuriTiziana A L Brevini

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ubiquitination
transfection
transgenic

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