Phenotypic characterization of an intestinal subepithelial myofibroblast cell line

The American Journal of Physiology
J D ValentichD W Powell

Abstract

Subepithelial myofibroblasts are located at the interface between the epithelium and lamina propria in most mucosal tissues. Their biological functions are largely unknown because a long-term cell culture model for these cells has not been available. In this report, we define the phenotypic properties of a human colonic cell line (18Co) that exhibits most of the known characteristics of intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts in situ. These characteristics include 1) a cell shape that can be reversibly interconverted between a flattened discoid and stellate morphology, 2) intracellular organelles reminiscent of myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in situ, 3) expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, 4) plasma membrane receptors for endothelins and natriuretic peptides, and 5) regulation of epithelial sensitivity to calcium-dependent secretagogues by paracrine secretion of prostaglandins. 18Co cells provide an exploitable model to begin defining the physiological and pathophysiological functions of intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts at the molecular level.

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Citations

Feb 3, 1999·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·M KedingerJ N Freund
Jul 17, 1999·The American Journal of Physiology·D W PowellA B West
Mar 7, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Randy C MifflinDon W Powell
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Feb 3, 1999·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·P K Lund
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Apr 13, 1999·The American Journal of Physiology·J G SimmonsP K Lund
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