Phenylbutyrate ameliorates prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens neural atrophy as well as synaptophysin and GFAP stress in aging mice.

Synapse
Fabiola Natividad Carvajal-FloresGonzalo Flores

Abstract

Recent reports on brain aging suggest that oxidative stress and inflammatory processes contribute to aging. Interestingly, sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA) is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, which has anti-inflammatory properties. Several reports have suggested the effect of PBA on learning and memory processes, however there are no studies of the effect of this inhibitor of histone deacetylase on aging. Consequently, in the present study, the effect of PBA was studied in 18-month-old mice. The animals were administered PBA for 2 months after locomotor activity treatment and Morris water maze tests were performed. The Golgi-Cox staining technique and immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and synaptophysin were performed for the morphological procedures. The administration of PBA improves learning and memory according to the Morris water maze test compared to vehicle-treated animals, which had unchanged locomotor activity. Using Golgi-Cox staining, dendritic length and the number of dendritic spines were measured in limbic regions, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), prefrontal cortex (PFC) layer 3, and the CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus. In addition, PBA increased the number of dendritic spines in the...Continue Reading

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