Phospholipase C and D regulation of Src, calcium release and membrane fusion during Xenopus laevis development

Developmental Biology
B J Stith

Abstract

This review emphasizes how lipids regulate membrane fusion and the proteins involved in three developmental stages: oocyte maturation to the fertilizable egg, fertilization and during first cleavage. Decades of work show that phosphatidic acid (PA) releases intracellular calcium, and recent work shows that the lipid can activate Src tyrosine kinase or phospholipase C during Xenopus fertilization. Numerous reports are summarized to show three levels of increase in lipid second messengers inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and sn 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) during the three different developmental stages. In addition, possible roles for PA, ceramide, lysophosphatidylcholine, plasmalogens, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, membrane microdomains (rafts) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in regulation of membrane fusion (acrosome reaction, sperm-egg fusion, cortical granule exocytosis), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, and calcium release are discussed. The role of six lipases involved in generating putative lipid second messengers during fertilization is also discussed: phospholipase D, autotaxin, lipin1, sphingomyelinase, phospholipase C, and phospho...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 26, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Dongil KeumByung-Chang Suh
Jun 2, 2018·Journal of Lipid Research·Antonio Luis Egea-Jimenez, Pascale Zimmermann
Aug 1, 2019·FEBS Letters·Mikhail A ZhukovskyCarmen Valente
Jul 28, 2020·Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes·Wojciech SzlasaJulita Kulbacka
Jun 23, 2021·Nature Chemistry·John F SeelerThomas V O'Halloran

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