Phosphorylation regulates human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Rex function.

Retrovirology
Matthew KesicPatrick L Green

Abstract

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic complex deltaretrovirus, which is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. In addition to the structural and enzymatic viral gene products, HTLV-1 encodes the positive regulatory proteins Tax and Rex along with viral accessory proteins. Tax and Rex proteins orchestrate the timely expression of viral genes important in viral replication and cellular transformation. Rex is a nucleolar-localizing shuttling protein that acts post-transcriptionally by binding and facilitating the export of the unspliced and incompletely spliced viral mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. HTLV-1 Rex (Rex-1) is a phosphoprotein and general protein kinase inhibition correlates with reduced function. Therefore, it has been proposed that Rex-1 function may be regulated through site-specific phosphorylation. We conducted a phosphoryl mapping of Rex-1 over-expressed in transfected 293 T cells using a combination of affinity purification and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We achieved 100% physical coverage of the Rex-1 polypeptide and identified five novel phosphorylation sites at Thr-22, Ser-36, T...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 31, 2012·Retrovirology·Nicolas SimonisJean-Claude Twizere
Jul 3, 2015·Retrovirology·Francesca RendeVincenzo Ciminale
Nov 13, 2014·PloS One·Nathan DissingerPatrick L Green
Mar 2, 2016·Viruses·Kazumi Nakano, Toshiki Watanabe
Jan 9, 2019·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Priyanka NamdevRajaneesh Anupam
Sep 12, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Donna M D'AgostinoVincenzo Ciminale

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
tandem affinity purification
Affinity purification
transfection
ELISA
targeted mutations
protein assay

Software Mentioned

MASCOT

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