Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria with Porphyrin Derivatives: Effect of Charge, Lipophilicity, ROS Generation, and Cellular Uptake on Their Biological Activity In Vitro.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Adam SułekJanusz M Dąbrowski

Abstract

Resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics has led to research on various therapeutic strategies with different mechanisms of action, including photodynamic inactivation (PDI). In this work, we evaluated a cationic, neutral, and anionic meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivative's ability to inactivate the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in a planktonic suspension under blue light irradiation. The spectroscopic, physicochemical, redox properties, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity by a set of photosensitizers varying in lipophilicity were investigated. The theoretical calculations were performed to explain the distribution of the molecular charges in the evaluated compounds. Moreover, logP partition coefficients, cellular uptake, and phototoxicity of the photosensitizers towards bacteria were determined. The role of a specific microbial efflux pump inhibitor, verapamil hydrochloride, in PDI was also studied. The results showed that E. coli exhibited higher resistance to PDI than S. aureus (3-5 logs) with low light doses (1-10 J/cm2). In turn, the prolongation of irradiation (up to 100 J/cm2) remarkably improved the inactivation of pathogens (up to 7 logs) and revealed the importance of photosensiti...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Viviana Teresa OrlandiEnrico Caruso
Jul 25, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Andrea RomeoLuigi Monsù Scolaro
Nov 17, 2021·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Nidia Maldonado-CarmonaStéphanie Leroy-Lhez

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
confocal
flow cytometry
Fluorescence
Confocal Microscopy
scanning electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

BD Software
InCyte
Horia Yvon DAS - 6
Gaussian
Molden
Gabedit

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