Photolytic fate and genotoxicity of benzophenone-derived compounds and their photodegradation mixtures in the aqueous environment

Chemosphere
Kristina KotnikEster Heath

Abstract

This study investigates the environmental fate of eight benzophenone derivatives (the pharmaceutical ketoprofen, its phototransformation products 3-ethylbenzophenone and 3-acetylbenzophenone, and five benzophenone-type UV filters) by evaluating their photolytic behaviour. In addition, the genotoxicity of these compounds and the produced photodegradation mixtures was studied. Laboratory-scale irradiation experiments using a medium pressure UV lamp revealed that photodegradation of benzophenones follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Ketoprofen was the most photolabile (t1/2 = 0.8 min), while UV filters were more resistant to UV light with t1/2 between 17 and 99 h. The compounds were also exposed to irradiation by natural sunlight and showed similar photostability as predicted under laboratory conditions. Solar photodegradation experiments were performed in distilled water, lake and seawater, and revealed that photosensitizers present in natural waters significantly affect the photolytic behaviour of the investigated compounds. In this case, the presence of lake water resulted in accelerated photodecomposition, while seawater showed different effects on photodegradation, depending on a compound. Further, it was shown that the trans...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 27, 2017·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·UNKNOWN United Nations Environment Programme, Environmental Effects Assessment Panel
Nov 14, 2017·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF)Wim Mennes
Apr 11, 2019·Environmental Technology·Laura Castrillón CanoGustavo A Peñuela
Dec 2, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Elissa O'MalleyJochen F Mueller

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