PMID: 2114507Jan 1, 1990Paper

Phrenic afferents and ventilatory control

Lung
J D Road

Abstract

It has been understood since the late 1800s that the diaphragm has significant sensory innervation. The role of phrenic afferents in the control of breathing, however, has been obscure. The phrenic nerve has been shown to contain a full array of afferent fibers. However, proprioceptive (group 1 fibers) afferents are few compared to postural muscles or the intercostals. The diaphragm, unlike the inspiratory intercostal muscles, has a small complement of spindle afferents and not all of these spindles are supplied with fusorial fibers. Reduced spindle afferents under gamma control help to explain previous studies of the diaphragm that have failed to reveal autogenic facilitation, that is, a reflex-mediated increase in drive during inspiratory loading. Nevertheless, some clinical studies have revealed increased activation of the diaphragm when its length is reduced. Group 1 fibers, which are predominantly tendon organ afferents in the diaphragm, have been shown to have a phasic inhibitory function. A reduction in this inhibition brought about by a reduction in diaphragmatic length during lung inflation may explain the increased diaphragmatic activation reported in clinical studies. Phrenic afferents have been shown to have multipl...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 3, 1999·Respiration Physiology·J Yu, M Younes
May 29, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Lara R DeRuisseauBarry J Byrne
Jan 2, 2007·Pediatric Emergency Care·Dante Allen Pappano, Ellen Sofia Bass
Aug 18, 2009·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Stéphane Vinit, Anne Kastner
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Nov 8, 2005·Experimental Physiology·M J Parkes
Feb 3, 2015·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Luther C GillGary C Sieck
Dec 17, 2011·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Anna L HudsonJane E Butler
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Jan 1, 1997·Somatosensory & Motor Research·C Wedekind
Jul 6, 2007·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Stéphane VinitAnne Kastner
Feb 6, 2020·Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience·Victoria N JensenSteven A Crone
Sep 18, 1997·Journal of Applied Physiology·J D Road, A M Cairns
Mar 15, 2001·Journal of Applied Physiology·O E Malakhova, P W Davenport
Aug 25, 2017·Journal of Neurophysiology·Jayakrishnan NairDavid D Fuller
Aug 8, 2021·Experimental Neurology·Latoya L AllenElisa J Gonzalez-Rothi
Nov 18, 2021·Journal of Neurophysiology·Kristi A StreeterDavid D Fuller

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