Phylogenetic analysis of the N8 neuraminidase gene of influenza A viruses

Virology
T SaitoR G Webster

Abstract

Phylogenetic analysis of the N8 neuraminidase (NA) genes from 18 influenza A viruses, representing equine and avian hosts in different geographic locations, revealed three major lineages: (i) currently circulating equine 2 viruses; (ii) avian viruses isolated in the Eurasian region, including A/Equine/Jilin/1/89, a recent avian-like N8 isolate found in horses in China; and (iii) avian viruses isolated in North America. Comparison of mutation rates indicated that avian N8 genes have evolved more slowly than their equine counterparts. That is, in both avian lineages, 72% of the nucleotide changes were silent in the terminal branches of the phylogenetic tree, whereas in equine 2 viruses, 59% of the nucleotide changes were silent. This suggests greater selective pressure on the NA gene from the mammalian immune system, leading to progressive evolution. Alternatively, the slower mutation rate for avian N8 genes could reflect a selective advantage gained from a longer, continuous span of evolution. The shape of the phylogenetic tree, the evolutionary rate, and the calculated date of origin for the N8 equine 2 virus lineage were comparable to findings for the equine 2 virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene (Bean et al., J. Virol. 66, 1129-1138...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 24, 2006·Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A·Yong Kuk KwonJae Hong Kim
Mar 25, 2011·Journal of Virology·Pablo R MurciaEdward C Holmes
Jul 4, 2002·The Veterinary Quarterly·C van Maanen, A Cullinane
May 9, 2006·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Takashi YamanakaTomio Matsumura
Nov 15, 1997·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·T Saito, K Kawano
Jan 1, 1995·Archives of Virology·T ItoH Kida
Jan 16, 2014·Indian Journal of Virology : an Official Organ of Indian Virological Society·B C BeraR K Singh
Aug 1, 1995·Journal of Virology·T SaitoR G Webster
Jun 6, 2003·Virology·Natalia V MakarovaDaniel R Perez

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