Phylogenetic variation in cortical layer II immature neuron reservoir of mammals.

ELife
Chiara La RosaLuca Bonfanti

Abstract

The adult mammalian brain is mainly composed of mature neurons. A limited amount of stem cell-driven neurogenesis persists in postnatal life and is reduced in large-brained species. Another source of immature neurons in adult brains is cortical layer II. These cortical immature neurons (cINs) retain developmentally undifferentiated states in adulthood, though they are generated before birth. Here, the occurrence, distribution and cellular features of cINs were systematically studied in 12 diverse mammalian species spanning from small-lissencephalic to large-gyrencephalic brains. In spite of well-preserved morphological and molecular features, the distribution of cINs was highly heterogeneous, particularly in neocortex. While virtually absent in rodents, they are present in the entire neocortex of many other species and their linear density in cortical layer II generally increased with brain size. These findings suggest an evolutionary developmental mechanism for plasticity that varies among mammalian species, granting a reservoir of young cells for the cerebral cortex.

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Citations

Jul 22, 2020·ELife·Gerd Kempermann
Dec 12, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroanatomy·Bruno CozziMichela Minero
Feb 27, 2021·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Annina Denoth-Lippuner, Sebastian Jessberger
Apr 6, 2021·Neural Regeneration Research·Chiara La Rosa, Luca Bonfanti
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jae-Yeon Kim, Mercedes F Paredes
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Simona CovielloJuan Nacher
Nov 6, 2021·Metabolic Brain Disease·Adriano Barreto NogueiraManoel Jacobsen Teixeira

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
SMA
NMR
PCA

Software Mentioned

R
Neurolucida
pheatmap
ImageJ
GraphPad Prism
TimeTree
Adobe Photoshop
PGLS
Mesquite
prcomp

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