Phylogenomic characterization of two novel members of the genus Megalocytivirus from archived ornamental fish samples

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
Samantha A KodaThomas B Waltzek

Abstract

The genus Megalocytivirus is the most recently described member of the family Iridoviridae; as such, little is known about the genetic diversity of this genus of globally emerging viral fish pathogens. We sequenced the genomes of 2 megalocytiviruses (MCVs) isolated from epizootics involving South American cichlids (oscar Astronotus ocellatus and keyhole cichlid Cleithracara maronii) and three spot gourami Trichopodus trichopterus sourced through the ornamental fish trade during the early 1990s. Phylogenomic analyses revealed the South American cichlid iridovirus (SACIV) and three spot gourami iridovirus (TSGIV) possess 116 open reading frames each, and form a novel clade within the turbot reddish body iridovirus genotype (TRBIV Clade 2). Both genomes displayed a unique truncated paralog of the major capsid protein gene located immediately upstream of the full-length parent gene. Histopathological examination of archived oscar tissue sections that were PCR-positive for SACIV revealed numerous cytomegalic cells characterized by basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions within various organs, particularly the anterior kidney, spleen, intestinal lamina propria and submucosa. TSGIV-infected grunt fin (GF) cells grown in vitro displayed...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 8, 2020·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Yasuhiko KawatoNicholas J G Moody
Jul 6, 2021·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Henrique César Pereira FigueiredoFelipe Luiz Pereira
Oct 28, 2021·Microbiology Spectrum·Yasuhiko KawatoTakafumi Ito

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