PMID: 10903370Jul 21, 2000Paper

Phylogeny of ultra-rapidly evolving dinoflagellate chloroplast genes: a possible common origin for sporozoan and dinoflagellate plastids

Journal of Molecular Evolution
Z ZhangT Cavalier-Smith

Abstract

Complete chloroplast 23S rRNA and psbA genes from five peridinin-containing dinoflagellates (Heterocapsa pygmaea, Heterocapsa niei, Heterocapsa rotun-data, Amphidinium carterae, and Protoceratium reticulatum) were amplified by PCR and sequenced; partial sequences were obtained from Thoracosphaera heimii and Scrippsiella trochoidea. Comparison with chloroplast 23S rRNA and psbA genes of other organisms shows that dinoflagellate chloroplast genes are the most divergent and rapidly evolving of all. Quartet puzzling, maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, neighbor joining, and LogDet trees were constructed. Intersite rate variation and invariant sites were allowed for with quartet puzzling and neighbor joining. All psbA and 23S rRNA trees showed peridinin-containing dinoflagellate chloroplasts as monophyletic. In psbA trees they are related to those of chromists and red algae. In 23S rRNA trees, dinoflagellates are always the sisters of Sporozoa (apicomplexans); maximum likelihood analysis of Heterocapsa triquetra 16S rRNA also groups the dinoflagellate and sporozoan sequences, but the other methods were inconsistent. Thus, dinoflagellate chloroplasts may actually be related to sporozoan plastids, but the possibility of reproducibl...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 23, 2002·The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·Naomi M FastPatrick J Keeling
Feb 22, 2003·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·T Cavalier-Smith
May 27, 2005·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Tsvetan R BachvaroffCharles F Delwiche
Sep 1, 2005·Marine Biotechnology·Yunling WangDavid Morse
Jul 1, 2008·Molecular Ecology Resources·David B Carlon, Catherine Lippé
Oct 1, 2008·Journal of Phycology·Myung Gil ParkWonho Yih
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Aug 13, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Hwan Su YoonDebashish Bhattacharya
Feb 22, 2003·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Christopher J HoweTom F Wightman
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Feb 27, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Cindy MartensYves Van de Peer
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Jun 21, 2015·Annual Review of Microbiology·Miroslav Oborník, Julius Lukeš
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