Physical exercise and epigenetic adaptations of the cardiovascular system

Herz
P Zimmer, W Bloch

Abstract

During the last decade, epigenetics became one of the fastest growing research fields in numerous clinical and basic science disciplines. Evidence suggests that chromatin modifications (e.g., histone modifications and DNA methylation) as well as the expression of micro-RNA molecules play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases. On the one hand, they are involved in the development of general risk factors like chronic inflammation, but on the other hand, epigenetic modifications are conducive to smooth muscle cell, cardiomyocyte, and endothelial progenitor cell proliferation/differentiation as well as to extracellular matrix processing and endothelial function (e.g., endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulation). Therefore, epigenetic medical drugs have gained increased attention and provided the first promising results in the context of cardiovascular malignancies. Beside other lifestyle factors, physical activity and sports essentially contribute to cardiovascular health and regeneration. In this review we focus on recent research proposing physical activity as a potent epigenetic regulator that has the potential to counteract pathophysiological alterations in almost all the aforementioned cardiov...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 17, 2017·BMC Genomics·Elisa GrazioliDaniela Caporossi
Oct 4, 2017·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Wilhelm Bloch
May 3, 2019·Epigenetics : Official Journal of the DNA Methylation Society·Macsue JacquesSarah Voisin
Mar 24, 2017·Journal of Endocrinological Investigation·P Sgrò, L Di Luigi
Jul 19, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Luca FerrariValentina Bollati

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