Physical growth: is it a good indicator of development in early childhood in low- and middle-income countries?

BMC Pediatrics
Thach Duc TranJane Fisher

Abstract

Growth and early development (ECD) are vital outcomes for children. This study aimed to examine the association between child growth and overall development in children aged 3 to 5 years in low- and middle-income countries. A secondary analysis of nationally representative data collected in UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and national Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). The early development of children aged 3 to 5 years from the randomly selected households was ascertained using a 10-item scale which assessed four developmental domains: language-cognitive, physical, socio-emotional, and approaches to learning with a total development score ranging from 0 (the least optimal) to 10 (the most optimal). Children's growth, the height-for-age Z score (HAZ), was calculated using the WHO Child Growth Standards. Unadjusted (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r) and adjusted estimations (standardised mean difference (SMD) adjusted for child sex, child age, and household wealth index) of the magnitude of the association between HAZ and ECD scores were calculated for each country. Data contributed by 178,393 children aged 36 to 59 months from 55 countries were included in the analyses. The pooled r between HAZ and sta...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Sep 21, 2019·The Lancet Global Health·Lia C H Fernald, Helen O Pitchik
Jun 12, 2021·Heliyon·Md Ismail HossainMd Iqbal Hossain Nayan

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