Physical training and the control of skin blood flow

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
J M Johnson

Abstract

The process of physical training places frequent significant demands for increased blood flow to cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues and sets into action adaptive responses to better enable the circulatory system to meet those demands. These adaptive changes and the associated mechanisms are dealt with elegantly in other portions of this symposium. The repeated bouts of dynamic exercise with training also expose the temperature regulatory system to increased body temperatures and attendant demands for increased heat loss. These frequent demands for increased heat loss lead to adaptations in the control of the cutaneous circulation. There are consistent results among the limited number of studies conducted to test this question directly. The primary result is that skin blood flow in the trained state is higher at a given level of internal temperature than in the sedentary or less trained state. This result is seen in both cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons, in older and younger subjects, in responses to heat at rest and during exercise, and in the changes with detraining as well as those attending training. In some studies this adjustment is made by a shift in the threshold internal temperature at which skin blood flow...Continue Reading

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