Physico-chemical and toxicological profile of gadolinium chelates as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging

Annales pharmaceutiques françaises
J-M IdéeClaire Corot

Abstract

Gadolinium chelates (GC) are contrast agents widely used to facilitate or to enable diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). From a regulatory viewpoint, GC are drugs. GC have largely contributed to the success of MRI, which has become a major component of clinician's diagnostic armamentarium. GC are not metabolised and are excreted by the kidneys. They distribute into the extracellular compartment. Because of its high intrinsic toxicity, gadolinium must be administered as a chelate. GC can be classified according to two key molecular features: (a) nature of the chelating moiety: either macrocyclic molecules in which gadolinium is caged in the pre-organized cavity of the ligand, or linear, open-chain molecules, (b) ionicity: Gd chelates can be ionic (meglumine or sodium salts) or non-ionic. The thermodynamic and kinetic stabilities of the various GCs differ according to these structural characteristics. The kinetic stability of macrocyclic GCs is much higher than that of linear GCs and the thermodynamic stability of ionic GCs is generally higher than that of non-ionic GC, thus leading to a lower risk of gadolinium dissociation. This class of drugs has enjoyed an excellent reputation in terms of safety for a long time, ...Continue Reading

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Apr 1, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Emilie PerratCarole Cossu-Leguille
Sep 6, 2019·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology·Ramesh MarasiniSantosh Aryal
Jul 2, 2019·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·M ParantC Cossu-Leguille
Jan 21, 2021·Biomedical Materials·Qin ZhangWeimin Li

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