Physiological responses to novel carbohydrates as assessed using canine and avian models

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
B K KnappG C Fahey

Abstract

The objective was to quantify in vitro digestion, true metabolizable energy (TME(n)) content, glycemic and insulinemic responses, and gastrointestinal tolerance to fructose (Fruc), maltodextrin (Malt), polydextrose (Poly), pullulan (Pull), resistant starch (RS), sorbitol (Sorb), and xanthan gum (Xan). Limited digestion of RS, Poly, and Xan occurred. Fruc, Malt, and Sorb resulted in the highest (P < 0.05) TME(n) values, Pull was intermediate, and RS and Poly were lowest. Malt had the highest (P < 0.05) area under the curve for glucose and insulin in the glycemic tests. Gastrointestinal tolerance was examined for diets containing carbohydrates at either 100 or 200% of the adequate intake (AI) value for dietary fiber. At 100% and 200% AI, Malt, RS, and Sorb resulted in ideal fecal scores, while Pull and Xan resulted in looser stools and Poly resulted in diarrhea. The carbohydrates studied varied widely in physiological outcomes. Certain carbohydrates could potentially benefit large bowel health.

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Citations

Jul 8, 2011·The British Journal of Nutrition·Brittany M Vester BolerGeorge C Fahey
Nov 17, 2011·The British Journal of Nutrition·Alison N BeloshapkaKelly S Swanson
Feb 5, 2013·The British Journal of Nutrition·Ping DengKelly S Swanson
Nov 12, 2013·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Sarah Cervantes-PahmHans H Stein
Feb 18, 2016·Annual Review of Animal Biosciences·Maria R C de GodoyGeorge C Fahey
Oct 10, 2013·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Sarah K Cervantes-PahmHans H Stein
Dec 6, 2014·Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition·J L AdolpheL P Weber
Nov 16, 2013·Archives of Animal Nutrition·Tohru Kimura

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