Physiologically based modeling of nonsteady state dermal absorption of halogenated methanes from an aqueous solution

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
G W Jepson, J N McDougal

Abstract

Dermal absorption of organic chemicals from aqueous solutions are a concern in both the workplace and the home. Organic chemicals are generally not very soluble in water and the exposure may never reach steady state because the concentration of chemical decreases during the exposure. In vivo animal studies which mimic human exposures, but are carefully controlled, are one way to measure absorption. Whole animal studies are superior to excised skin measurements, because the physiological responses including blood flow, metabolism, and biological defenses are present. In this study, we develop a physiologically based model for nonsteady state exposures to organic chemicals in aqueous solutions. A key feature of this model is a compartment which describes loss of chemical in the exposure solution due to absorption into the skin. We exposed rats to a range of aqueous concentrations of dibromomethane (2.4 to 9.4 mg/ml) and bromochloromethane (3.6 to 12.8 mg/ml) and measured blood concentrations during 24-hr exposures. The blood concentrations peaked at about 1-2 hr and diminished to nearly nothing at 24 hr. Physiologically based models were used to estimate permeability coefficients for each of the exposures, although none of the ex...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 8, 2003·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Karla D Thrall, Angela D Woodstock
Jul 10, 2003·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Karla Thrall, Angela Woodstock
Apr 19, 2002·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Torka S PoetRonald C Wester
Aug 20, 2002·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·James N McDougal, Mark F Boeniger
Dec 18, 2001·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·K D McCarley, A L Bunge
Aug 10, 2010·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Torka S PoetPaul M Hinderliter
May 29, 2000·International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health·A Boman, H I Maibach
May 29, 2000·International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health·K D ThrallR C Wester
Aug 18, 2001·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·M B KabburJ N McDougal
Jun 5, 2002·Chemico-biological Interactions·Torka S Poet, James N McDougal
Nov 7, 2006·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·James N McDougalSteven J Berberich
Jun 20, 2003·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·James V RogersJames N McDougal
Apr 30, 2003·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·Palur G GunasekarJames N McDougal
Oct 24, 2001·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·J V RogersJ N McDougal

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