Phytotoxicity of the Fungicide Metalaxyl and Its Optical Isomers

Plant Disease
M SinghR H Brlansky

Abstract

Metalaxyl is a systemic fungicide commonly used in citrus production to control Phytophthora root rot and foot rot. When applied as a drench, injury was observed on newly planted, young citrus trees. The visual injury symptoms ranged from light- to bright-yellow leaves. It was learned that the commercial formulation of metalaxyl contained various isomers and that these isomers may vary in phytotoxic effects on citrus leaves. The objective of this study was to determine the difference in herbicidal activity between the two optical isomers of metalaxyl on pepper plants and citrus leaves. The phytotoxicity of the fungicide metalaxyl and its optical isomers (CGA76538, S+; CGA76539, R-) was determined using a pepper seedling growth bioassay and by measuring protein synthesis as estimated by the incorporation of 14C-leucine by citrus mesophyll cells. The two isomers and metalaxyl differed in their herbicidal activity to pepper plants and citrus cells. Pepper seedlings treated with R- had significantly higher mean fresh weight than plants treated with metalaxyl or S+ at 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100 ppm. Protein synthesis, as measured by the inhibition of 14C-leucine incorporation by citrus mesophyll cells, also was inhibited more by metala...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1965·Plant Physiology·J D MannB E Day

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