PI3K orchestration of the in vivo persistence of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells

Leukemia
Wenting ZhengTerrence L Geiger

Abstract

In vivo persistence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells correlates with therapeutic efficacy, yet CAR-specific factors that support persistence are not well resolved. Using a CD33-specific CAR in an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) model, we show how CAR expression alters T cell differentiation in a ligand independent manner. Ex vivo expanded CAR-T cells demonstrated decreased naïve and stem memory populations and increased effector subsets relative to vector-transduced control cells. This was associated with reduced in vivo persistence. Decreased persistence was not due to specificity or tumor presence, but to pre-transfer tonic signaling through the CAR CD3ζ ITAMs. We identified activation of the PI3K pathway in CD33 CAR-T cells as responsible. Treatment with a PI3K inhibitor modulated the differentiation program of CAR-T cells, preserved a less differentiated state without affecting T cell expansion, and improved in vivo persistence and reduced tumor burden. These results resolve mechanisms by which tonic signaling of CAR-T cells modulates their fate, and identifies a novel pharmacologic approach to enhance the durability of CAR-T cells for immunotherapy.

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE93386

Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
Ingenuity Pathway Analysis ( QIAGEN )
Ingenuity Pathway Analysis ( IPA )
Treestar
FlowJo

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