Abstract
Classification methods based on physico-chemical properties are very useful in analytical chemistry, both for extraction and separation processes. Depending on the number of parameters, several classification approaches can be used: by plotting two- or three-dimensional maps (triangles, cubes, spheres); by calculating comparison values for one system with reference to another one, i.e. the ranking factor F, or the Neue selectivity difference s(2); or with chemometric methods (principal component analysis-PCA or hierarchical cluster analysis-HCA). All these methods display advantages and drawbacks: some of them are limited by the number of studied parameters (e.g. three for triangle or sphere plots); others require a new calculation when changing the reference point (F; s(2)), while for chemometric methods (PCA, HCA), the relationships between the clusters and the physico-chemical properties are not always easily understandable. From previous studies performed in supercritical fluid chromatography for stationary phase classification on the basis of linear solvation energy relationships (LSER) including five parameters, we developed a classification map called the Σpider diagram. This diagram allows plotting in a two-dimensional ...Continue Reading
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