Pioglitazone stabilizes atherosclerotic plaque by regulating the Th17/Treg balance in AMPK-dependent mechanisms

Cardiovascular Diabetology
Yu-Ling TianYue Wu

Abstract

Pioglitazone (PIO), a thiazolidinediones drug, is a well-known anti-diabetic medicine, but its anti-atherosclerotic effects remain controversial. Thus it is important to investigate the effects of PIO on atherogenesis and the relevant mechanisms. For in vitro studies, primary cultured or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibited splenocytes were treated with oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) or ox-LDL plus PIO. Percentage of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells were determined by flow cytometry. Expression of AMPK, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) were detected by Western blots. For in vivo studies, apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice fed with western diet were treated with PIO or vehicle for 8 weeks respectively. Percentage of Th17 and Treg cells in spleen were measured by immunohistochemical analysis. The atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed using oil red O staining, and collagen types I and III in atherosclerotic lesions were stained by Sirius red. Expression of IL-17 and FoxP3 were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In cultured primary splenocytes, PIO dramatically inhibited Th17 and raised Treg. Intriguingly, pharmacological and genetic AMPK inhibitions ab...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 9, 2019·Animal Models and Experimental Medicine·Xiaojuan LiRuisheng Li
Aug 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Angela DziedzicMichal Bijak
Nov 17, 2020·Disease Markers·Xin HeNing Gu
Apr 4, 2021·Biomedicines·Juan M Suárez-RiveroJosé A Sánchez-Alcázar
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Michal Kowara, Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
Jun 13, 2021·Molecular Biology Reports·Rebecca KuanFinosh G Thankam
Jul 30, 2021·European Journal of Immunology·Weiqi ZhangBin Li
Aug 18, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Ali AhmadiAmirhossein Sahebkar

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
flowcytometry
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

CellQuest

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