Pituitary carcinoma: Two case reports and review of literature

World Journal of Clinical Oncology
Lai XuJian Li Campian

Abstract

Pituitary carcinoma is a rare type of malignancy that can be very difficult to diagnose and treat. Many cases were diagnosed at autopsy. Delays in diagnosis often adversely impact patients' outcomes. Even with prompt diagnosis, treatment decisions remain challenging in the absence of randomized controlled trials. We report two cases of pituitary carcinoma in men with a history of pituitary adenoma. In the first case, a 55-year-old man was initially diagnosed with pituitary macroadenoma. He underwent subtotal debulking of the tumor followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Subsequently, he developed relapsed disease and multifocal intracranial metastases and a diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma was rendered. He passed away despite several lines of systemic therapies including temozolomide, lomustine and bevacizumab. Another 52-year-old man was diagnosed with atypical pituitary adenoma with presentation of sudden onset of vision loss in the right eye. He had recurrent pituitary carcinoma with spinal metastases, treated with surgery, radiation and temozolomide. Pituitary carcinoma is a rare neoplasm with poor prognosis that is difficult to diagnose and treat. The small number of cases restricts our ability to design randomized clinical tri...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 5, 2020·Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society·Deepika NarayananStephen K Tyring
Sep 16, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Andrew L LinEliza B Geer
Sep 9, 2021·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Gérald RaverotThierry Brue

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
hormone replacement therapy
Cyber Knife
biopsy
electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

ESE

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