Placebo Responses and Placebo Effects in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Frontiers in Psychiatry
Paul Enck, Sibylle Klosterhalfen

Abstract

Much has been written about the placebo effects in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGD), especially in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), driven by the early hypothesis that in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IBS, the placebo effect might be specifically high and thus, corrupts the efficacy of novel drugs developed for this condition. This narrative review is based on a specific search method, a database (www.jips.online) developed since 2004 containing more than 4,500 papers (data papers, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, reviews) pertinent to the topic placebo effects/placebo response. Three central questions-deducted from the body of current literature-are addressed to explore the evidence behind this hypothesis: What is the size placebo effect in FGD, especially in IBS, and is it different from the placebo effect seen in other gastrointestinal disorders? Is the placebo effect in FGD different from other functional, non-intestinal disorders, e.g. in other pain syndromes? Is the placebo effect in FGD related to placebo effects seen in psychiatry, e.g. in depression, anxiety disorders, and alike? Following this discussion, a fourth question is raised as the result of the three: What are the consequences of this for...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 20, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Paul Enck, Sibylle Klosterhalfen
Jul 14, 2021·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Madison SimonsMiranda A L van Tilburg
Nov 10, 2021·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Jeremy R Glissen Brown, Anthony J Lembo

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