Placental Adaptation: What Can We Learn from Birthweight:Placental Weight Ratio?

Frontiers in Physiology
Christina E HaywardM R Dilworth

Abstract

Appropriate fetal growth relies upon adequate placental nutrient transfer. Birthweight:placental weight ratio (BW:PW ratio) is often used as a proxy for placental efficiency, defined as the grams of fetus produced per gram placenta. An elevated BW:PW ratio in an appropriately grown fetus (small placenta) is assumed to be due to up-regulated placental nutrient transfer capacity i.e., a higher nutrient net flux per gram placenta. In fetal growth restriction (FGR), where a fetus fails to achieve its genetically pre-determined growth potential, placental weight and BW:PW ratio are often reduced which may indicate a placenta that fails to adapt its nutrient transfer capacity to compensate for its small size. This review considers the literature on BW:PW ratio in both large cohort studies of normal pregnancies and those studies offering insight into the relationship between BW:PW ratio and outcome measures including stillbirth, FGR, and subsequent postnatal consequences. The core of this review is the question of whether BW:PW ratio is truly indicative of altered placental efficiency, and whether changes in BW:PW ratio reflect those placentas which adapt their nutrient transfer according to their size. We consider this question using...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1991·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·K M GodfreyC Osmond
Aug 4, 1990·BMJ : British Medical Journal·D J BarkerS J Simmonds
Aug 1, 1987·Human Reproduction·M A CrawfordN Meadows
Apr 10, 1993·Lancet·D J BarkerJ S Robinson
Jul 1, 1996·The American Journal of Physiology·M S MalandroD A Novak
Sep 1, 1996·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·T T Lao, W M Wong
Dec 10, 1998·European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology·R BortolusF Parazzini
Nov 5, 1999·Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation·S LurieY Mamet
May 25, 2001·Placenta·S HeinonenS Saarikoski
Aug 17, 2001·Obstetrics and Gynecology·M ThameT E Forrester
Sep 11, 2001·Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation·T T Lao, W M Wong
Sep 25, 2001·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·F LackmanB Richardson
Jul 8, 2003·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Bryan Mackenzie, Jeffrey D Erickson
May 20, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C P SibleyM Constância
May 28, 2004·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·M ThameT Forrester
Sep 9, 2005·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·M DesforgesC P Sibley
Dec 21, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Miguel ConstânciaAbigail Fowden
Dec 27, 2005·European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology·Tilo BurkhardtJuozas Kurmanavicius
Mar 4, 2006·Methods in Molecular Medicine·Jocelyn D Glazier, Colin P Sibley
Jun 22, 2007·Placenta·H N JonesT Jansson
Sep 1, 2007·Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine·Zoi RussellEftichia V Kontopoulos
Nov 7, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·S RoosT Jansson
May 20, 2009·The Journal of Physiology·A L FowdenG J Burton
Oct 31, 2009·The International Journal of Developmental Biology·Michelle Desforges, Colin P Sibley
Feb 6, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M R DilworthJ D Glazier
Feb 2, 2011·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Emily AngioliniMiguel Constância
Feb 22, 2011·BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·F ShehataB Almog

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 16, 2017·Early Human Development·Carolyn M SalafiaSanford Lederman
Jun 25, 2017·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Christian WidnesGanesh Acharya
Dec 13, 2017·Frontiers in Physiology·Elke Winterhager, Alexandra Gellhaus
Jan 9, 2018·ELife·Katherine Young Bezold LammLouis J Muglia
Sep 2, 2017·The Journal of Physiology·Lindsay S CahillJohn G Sled
Sep 5, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Jacqueline G ParchemRaghu Kalluri
Sep 22, 2018·Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology·Alexander E P HeazellRebecca L Jones
Nov 10, 2018·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research·Kristin D GersonBrett C Young
Jan 10, 2019·Environmental Health Perspectives·Claire PhilippatUNKNOWN EDEN Mother–Child Cohort Study Group
Jan 19, 2018·Nature Communications·Alec J HirschDaniel N Streblow
Aug 9, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Angela S KelleyVasantha Padmanabhan
Dec 23, 2017·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Lindsay S CahillJohn G Sled
Sep 6, 2017·Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine·Baburajan Radha, Gnanaraj Muniraj
Jan 24, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Nastaran SalavatiSanne J Gordijn
Jun 15, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Christy-Lynn M Cooke, Sandra T Davidge
Jul 20, 2019·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Laetitia MeyrueixFolami Ideraabdullah
Sep 14, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Amanda N Sferruzzi-PerriMiguel Constancia
Dec 7, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Cynthia Guadalupe Reyes-HernándezSilvia M Arribas
Jul 1, 2020·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·John D AplinMelissa Westwood
Mar 16, 2019·Scientific Reports·S O MaslennikovaY M Moshkin
Jan 8, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alexander MockerFabian B Fahlbusch
Jan 31, 2021·Reproductive Sciences·Nathália C D MacedoDébora C Damasceno
Jan 19, 2021·Biology of Reproduction·Jessica F HebertTerry K Morgan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
SGA
dissection

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.