Planning for climate change: The need for mechanistic systems-based approaches to study climate change impacts on diarrheal diseases

The Science of the Total Environment
Jonathan E MellorKara Nelson

Abstract

Increased precipitation and temperature variability as well as extreme events related to climate change are predicted to affect the availability and quality of water globally. Already heavily burdened with diarrheal diseases due to poor access to water, sanitation and hygiene facilities, communities throughout the developing world lack the adaptive capacity to sufficiently respond to the additional adversity caused by climate change. Studies suggest that diarrhea rates are positively correlated with increased temperature, and show a complex relationship with precipitation. Although climate change will likely increase rates of diarrheal diseases on average, there is a poor mechanistic understanding of the underlying disease transmission processes and substantial uncertainty surrounding current estimates. This makes it difficult to recommend appropriate adaptation strategies. We review the relevant climate-related mechanisms behind transmission of diarrheal disease pathogens and argue that systems-based mechanistic approaches incorporating human, engineered and environmental components are urgently needed. We then review successful systems-based approaches used in other environmental health fields and detail one modeling framewor...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 5, 2016·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Rebecca PhilipsbornKaren Levy
Oct 27, 2016·Environmental Science & Technology·Jonathan MellorJulie Zimmerman
Nov 5, 2016·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Karen Levy
Mar 7, 2017·Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts·Hassan WaseemSyed A Hashsham
Mar 3, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Alicia N M KraayJoseph N S Eisenberg
May 4, 2018·Current Environmental Health Reports·Karen LevyElizabeth J Carlton
Jul 24, 2020·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Aniruddha DeshpandeKaren Levy
Jul 4, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Daniel Aiham GhazaliEnrique Casalino
Jun 27, 2020·Annual Review of Environment and Resources·Christopher HyunIsha Ray
Aug 10, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Awais ShakoorMuhammad Mohsin Altaf
Jan 10, 2021·International Journal for Parasitology·Muofhe Grace MphephuMaggy Ndombo Benteke Momba
Jan 23, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Janith Dissanayake, Mooyoung Han
Feb 2, 2021·Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability·Nynke HofstraLucie C Vermeulen
Mar 21, 2021·Scientific Reports·Ludovica BeltrameThorsten Wagener

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