Plasmin as a proinflammatory cell activator

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Tatiana SyrovetsThomas Simmet

Abstract

The serine protease plasmin generated from its zymogen plasminogen is best known for its function as a key enzyme of the fibrinolytic cascade. However, beyond fibrinolysis, plasmin has a number of crucial functions in a variety of processes, including inflammation. Various cells can bind plasminogen and plasmin via plasminogen-binding sites exposing a C-terminal lysine. Plasmin, generated as a result of plasminogen activation at the cell surface, is protected from its physiological inhibitors. Apart from its ability to facilitate cell migration in tissues, plasmin is capable of triggering signaling, which depends on cellular binding via its lysine-binding sites and its proteolytic activity. Plasmin-induced signaling affects various functions of monocytes, macrophages, DCs, and others, with the list of affected cells still growing. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of plasmin to stimulate the production of cytokines, ROS, and other mediators, thereby contributing to inflammation. Plasmin-induced chemotaxis of monocytes and DCs indicates that it is also a potent chemoattractant for immune cells. Therefore, excessive activation of plasmin in chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases might exacerbate the ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 9, 2013·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Sebastian M SaupeTorsten Steinmetzer
Apr 11, 2013·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Eulalia Valle-GarayVictor Asensi
Jul 24, 2013·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Anne Mari A RokstadBerit L Strand
Jul 7, 2014·Veterinary Research Communications·Floris J BikkerEnno C I Veerman
Jan 16, 2015·Open Biology·Veronica M JarockiSteven P Djordjevic
Mar 22, 2014·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Delu Zhou, Nancy A McNamara
Nov 20, 2014·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Miroslava DidiasovaDariusz Zakrzewicz
Sep 16, 2014·Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine·Soudabeh SabetianMohammed Abu Naser
Nov 13, 2015·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Achilleas D TheocharisNikos K Karamanos
Jul 29, 2015·Immunology and Cell Biology·Szczepan Józefowski
May 15, 2015·Journal of Nephrology·Takahiro UchidaHiroo Kumagai
Jan 23, 2016·Thrombosis and Haemostasis·Rima SulniuteTor Ny
Mar 12, 2013·Thrombosis Research·Rogério P BilheiroMiriam T P Lopes
Dec 24, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Stephanie Pitman, Kyu Hong Cho
Nov 20, 2012·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·M B PinheiroL M S Dusse
Oct 2, 2012·Experimental and Molecular Pathology·Farinaz Safavi, Abdolmohamad Rostami
Jan 18, 2016·Trends in Parasitology·Javier González-MiguelFernando Simón
Nov 26, 2015·Human Molecular Genetics·Machiko NishimuraHiroshi Shimizu
Jan 5, 2014·Biochemistry·Yogesh KumarS Paul Bajaj
Jun 5, 2014·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Be'eri Niego, Robert L Medcalf
Nov 22, 2015·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Beate HeissigKoichi Hattori
Apr 15, 2016·EBioMedicine·Lawrence L Leung, John Morser
Sep 11, 2012·Journal of Peptide Science : an Official Publication of the European Peptide Society·Naoki TenoYuko Tsuda
Mar 25, 2014·Medicinal Research Reviews·Rami A Al-Horani, Umesh R Desai
Mar 13, 2014·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·K HultmanE H Norris
Nov 19, 2013·Paediatric Anaesthesia·Philip D Arnold
Sep 10, 2015·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Beate HeissigKoichi Hattori
Apr 5, 2016·Cellular & Molecular Immunology·Yan Yang, Hong Tang
Jul 31, 2014·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·Joshua B BrownJason L Sperry
Jan 13, 2015·Transfusion Medicine Reviews·Dominik F Draxler, Robert L Medcalf
Jun 6, 2013·Current Opinion in Pharmacology·Michael SchuligaAlastair G Stewart
Aug 2, 2014·Blood·Lindsey A Miles, Robert J Parmer
Mar 25, 2014·Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Hatem AlkhouriMichael Schuliga

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Cell Migration

Cell migration is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, cancer metastasis, blood vessel formation and remoulding, tissue regeneration, immune surveillance and inflammation. Here is the latest research.