Plasmodium berghei ookinetes induce nitric oxide production in Anopheles pseudopunctipennis midguts cultured in vitro

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Antonia Herrera-OrtízMario H Rodríguez

Abstract

The Anopheles pseudopunctipennis nitric oxide synthase gene (ApNOS) was identified and its partial sequence showed high homology with NOS from A. stephensi, A. gambiae (putative sequence), and Drosophila melanogaster. ApNOS was mainly expressed in male and female adult mosquitoes and was induced by a blood meal. Nitric oxide (NO) was produced by in vitro-cultured mosquito midguts inoculated by enema with Plasmodium berghei ookinetes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus), but not with Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli or Serratia marcescens). Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) oxidation induced the generation of NO in midguts in vitro, and hydrogen peroxide generated during its oxidation induced ApNOS expression. P. berghei ookinetes exposed in vitro to L-DOPA and sodium nitroprusside (a NO generator) were killed. These observations demonstrate that reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates constitute a part of the cytotoxic arsenal employed by Anopheles mosquitoes against microbial pathogens and Plasmodium ookinetes.

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Citations

Aug 30, 2012·Bulletin of Entomological Research·M Moreno-GarcíaH Lanz-Mendoza
Apr 3, 2016·Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research·Alice Machado-SilvaCarlos Renato Machado
Apr 13, 2007·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·F García-Gil De MuñozF C Hernández-Hernández
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Jun 26, 2013·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·Salvador Hernández-MartínezMario H Rodríguez
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Aug 16, 2006·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·Anna RaibaudDaniela M Faust
Mar 21, 2006·Trends in Parasitology·Ana Rivero
Sep 25, 2014·Frontiers in Plant Science·Miguel Moreno-GarcíaHumberto Lanz-Mendoza
Jul 26, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Valeria VargasHumberto Lanz-Mendoza
Apr 21, 2017·PloS One·Salvador Hernández-MartínezFernando G Noriega
Nov 15, 2006·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·S Hernández-MartínezH Lanz-Mendoza
Apr 17, 2008·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·F L García Gil de MuñozF C Hernández-Hernández
Jul 13, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Renaud CondéHumberto Lanz-Mendoza

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