Platelets Drive Inflammation and Target Gray Matter and the Retina in Autoimmune-Mediated Encephalomyelitis

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
Claretta Sonia D'SouzaJacqueline M Orian

Abstract

Despite growing evidence for platelets as active players in infection and immunity, it remains unresolved whether platelets contribute to, or are key elements in the development of neuroinflammation. Using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis, we identified platelet accumulation in the circulation by 7-day postinduction (dpi), ahead of clinical onset which occurs at 13-14 dpi. By inducing platelet depletion between 7 and 16 dpi, we demonstrate an association between platelet accumulation in the spinal cord and disease development. Additionally, we provide evidence for platelet infiltration in the white and gray matter parenchyma, but with different outcomes. Thus, while in white matter platelets are clearly associated with lesions, in gray matter large-scale platelet infiltration and expression of the platelet-specific molecule PF4 are detectable prior to T cell entry. In the retina, platelet accumulation also precedes clinical onset and is associated with significant increase in retinal thickness in experimental relative to control animals. Platelet accumulation increases over the disease course in this tissue, but without subsequent T cell infiltration. These findings provide definit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 26, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Jean M Kanellopoulos, Cécile Delarasse
Aug 14, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Matthias MezgerHarald F Langer
May 21, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Odette Leiter, Tara L Walker
Oct 31, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Elias RawishHarald F Langer

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