PM2.5 -bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives (nitrated-PAHs and oxygenated-PAHs) in a road tunnel located in Qingdao, China: Characteristics, sources and emission factors

The Science of the Total Environment
Tong ZhaoWenxing Wang

Abstract

Daytime and nighttime PM2.5 samples were collected at a road tunnel located in Qingdao, China. The mass concentrations and chemical compositions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) and oxygenated-PAHs (OPAHs) were analysed to determine the variation characteristics and sources. The concentrations in exit were obviously higher than those of entrance in the tunnel. Fluoranthene (FLT) and Pyrene (PYR) were the most abundant PAHs, 2 + 3-nitrofluoranthene (2 + 3N-FLA), 1-nitropyrene (1N-PYR) and 2-nitropyrene (2N-PYR) were the dominant NPAHs, and 9-fluorenone (9-FO) and 9,10-anthraquinone (9,10-ANQ) were the most abundant OPAHs. The high rings (4-6 rings) PAHs accounted for over 90% of the total PM2.5-bound PAH concentrations, most of which were considered as motor vehicle emissions. Based on the diagnostics ratios and PCA results, the most important sources of PAHs and NPAHs were estimated as gasoline and diesel vehicles emissions in the tunnel. In addition, non-exhausts (such as road dust, brake line, asphalt and tires wear) also had some contributions to PAHs and NPAHs. The average emission factors were 60.98, 9.02 and 8.47 μg veh-1 km-1 for total PM2.5-bound PAHs, NPAHs and OPAHs, respectively. The ...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 28, 2021·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Paula Rafaela Silva Dos SantosYldeney Silva Domingos

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