PM₂.₅-bound oxygenated PAHs, nitro-PAHs and parent-PAHs from the atmosphere of a Chinese megacity: seasonal variation, sources and cancer risk assessment

The Science of the Total Environment
Benjamin A Musa BandoweWolfgang Wilcke

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in air particulate matter contribute considerably to the health risk of air pollution. The objectives of this study were to assess the occurrence and variation in concentrations and sources of PM2.5-bound PACs [Oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), nitro-PAHs and parent-PAHs] sampled from the atmosphere of a typical Chinese megacity (Xi'an), to study the influence of meteorological conditions on PACs and to estimate the lifetime excess cancer risk to the residents of Xi'an (from inhalation of PM2.5-bound PACs). To achieve these objectives, we sampled 24-h PM2.5 aerosols (once in every 6 days, from 5 July 2008 to 8 August 2009) from the atmosphere of Xi'an and measured the concentrations of PACs in them. The PM2.5-bound concentrations of Σcarbonyl-OPAHs, ∑hydroxyl+carboxyl-OPAHs, Σnitro-PAHs and Σalkyl+parent-PAHs ranged between 5-22, 0.2-13, 0.3-7, and 7-387 ng m(-3), respectively, being markedly higher than in most western cities. This represented a range of 0.01-0.4% and 0.002-0.06% of the mass of organic C in PM2.5 and the total mass of PM2.5, respectively. The sums of the concentrations of each compound group had winter-to-summer ratios ranging from 3 to 8 and most individual OPAHs and nitro-PAHs had...Continue Reading

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May 6, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Benjamin A Musa BandoweKinfai Ho
Jul 28, 2016·Chemosphere·Maria TutinoGianluigi de Gennaro
Oct 11, 2016·Biomedical Chromatography : BMC·Kazuichi HayakawaAkira Toriba
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Oct 28, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Huanfeng ShenChao Zeng
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Feb 20, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Nuno CanhaCélia A Alves
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Jun 3, 2017·Environmental Management·Oluwadara Oluwaseun AlegbeleyeVanessa Angela Jackson

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