Pneumatosis intestinalis: a review

Radiology
B L Pear

Abstract

This review illustrates the changing paradigms in the understanding of the pathogenesis of pneumatosis intestinalis. Although many theories have been evoked, pragmatically there appear to be four major clinical and diagnostic imaging considerations. The most common and most emergent life-threatening cause of intramural bowel gas is the result of bowel necrosis due to bowel ischemia, infarction, necrotizing enterocolitis, neutropenic colitis, volvulus, and sepsis. In the stomach, intramural gas can be caused by emphysematous gastritis or ingestion of caustic agents. These situations represent surgical emergencies. Pneumatosis is found secondary to mucosal disruption presumably due to over-distention from peptic ulcer, pyloric stenosis, annular pancreas, and even to more distal obstruction. Disruption can also be caused by ulceration, erosions, or trauma, including the trauma of child abuse. Disruption can also be iatrogenic from intracatheter jejunal feeding tubes, stent perforation, sclerotherapy, or surgical or endoscopic trauma. In these cases, the gas may be focal or linear. Treatment depends on the extent of the disruption and the underlying cause. A more subtle form of mucosal disruption may occur due to mucosal erosions a...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 1, 2012·Case Reports in Surgery·Haijing ZhangTodd V Brennan
Nov 27, 2008·World Journal of Surgical Oncology·Andrew C PearsonMark Bloomston
Jun 23, 2009·European Journal of Medical Research·Philipe N KhalilK-G Kanz
Mar 8, 2008·Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England·Simon E BrillDavid L Stoker
Sep 3, 2009·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Nazario PortolaniVincenzo Villanacci
Oct 24, 2013·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Marco MiloneFrancesco Milone
Mar 23, 2013·Journal of Clinical Medicine Research·Christopher BucklePrakash Sinha
Jul 19, 2011·World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery·Kuan-Chun HsuehKok-Tong Tan
Jun 2, 2000·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·B A Urban, E K Fishman
Dec 22, 2007·Radiology·Erik S RhodesKevin W Dickey
Oct 1, 2009·European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery : Official Publication of the European Trauma Society·Mirjam StuijvenbergRogier M P H Crolla
Apr 16, 2010·Emergency Radiology·Francesco LassandroAntonio Rotondo
May 18, 2011·Journal of Crohn's & Colitis·Raquel García-CastellanosEduard Cabré
Jan 8, 2008·Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·Nicholas J RussellCatherine Beck
Feb 19, 2011·Case Reports in Medicine·Sean DonovanNancy Dawson
Sep 16, 2014·Clinical Radiology·Michael SpektorMeir H Scheinfeld
Nov 18, 2014·Case Reports in Surgery·Teresa JacobJonathan Wilson
Dec 6, 2014·Case Reports in Surgery·Daniela BerrittoRoberto Grassi
May 9, 2006·Journal of Burn Care & Research : Official Publication of the American Burn Association·Jeroen BalleduxRajiv Sood
Jul 2, 2011·Wiener klinische Wochenschrift·Karin AmreinCord Langner
May 23, 2007·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Lisa M HoWilliam M Thompson
Jan 24, 2008·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Perry J PickhardtAndrew J Taylor
Apr 20, 2001·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·S F Millward, M Fortier
Nov 18, 2004·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Patrice TaourelJean Michel Bruel
Oct 4, 2002·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Walther N K A van MookGraham Ramsay
Feb 1, 2003·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Daisuke FukumoriFumio Yamamoto
Apr 29, 2010·Surgery Today·Shigeyuki NagataHiroyuki Matsuda
Oct 12, 2012·Emergency Radiology·Maria Cristina FirettoPietro R Biondetti
Feb 28, 2008·Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography·Yoo Na KimDong Kyung Jang
Oct 13, 2006·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Ridvan DuranBetül Acunaş
Nov 16, 2010·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Daniel GelfondAnjali Malkani
Aug 4, 2005·Pediatric Radiology·Wha-Young KimEun-Kyung Lee
Jan 28, 2006·European Radiology·Thomas M GlueckerMichael A Farrell
Feb 1, 2009·Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology·Siong-Seng LiauNeil Keeling
Jan 14, 2016·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Melissa J McGettiganAmy K Hara
Dec 17, 2011·Journal of Thoracic Oncology : Official Publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer·Masahiro IwasakuTadashi Ishida
Mar 10, 2016·Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock·Peter WaterlandMiguel Zilvetti
Jan 11, 2016·ANZ Journal of Surgery·Nathan G Biggs, Heinz Koehler
Mar 10, 2012·Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal = Journal L'Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes·Niranjan VijayakanthanMichael Trus
Feb 22, 2012·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·Chih-Jung ChangJen-Tang Sun
Feb 22, 2012·Insights Into Imaging·Jin Hong WangKyongtae T Bae

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Atrophic Gastritis

Atrophic Gastritis is a process where gastric glandular cells are lost and replaced with firbous tissues, as a result of chronic inflammation. Learn more about Atrophic Gastritis here.

Related Papers

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
C Maltz
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
Alexander J GreensteinCelia M Divino
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology
Katherine Thornton
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved