Point-of-care HIV early infant diagnosis: is test sensitivity everything?

Journal of the International AIDS Society
Lorna DunningLandon Myer

Abstract

Despite improvements in PMTCT services in low- and middle-income countries, there are still almost 200,000 new paediatric HIV infections annually in sub-Saharan Africa. This has led to early infant HIV diagnosis (EID) programmes becoming a public health priority, but until recently, EID has required specialist laboratory equipment and trained personnel which is only feasible in urban, centralized facilities. It is thought that the successful implementation of a point-of-care (POC) test for EID has the potential to increase access to virological tests and address some of the barriers regarding retention of infants in care. However, POC evaluation has not integrated focus on performance characteristics with the health systems issues surrounding the adoption of and optimum use of these new technologies. We propose that moderate improvements in linkage to care can more than offset suboptimal sensitivity of a POC EID test which could be critical in adjusting the focus for EID programme management away from test performance and towards their ability to facilitate successful linkage to antiretroviral therapy (ART) services. These findings also highlight the urgent need to explore the implementation and operational aspects of emerging ...Continue Reading

References

Mar 21, 2007·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Shabir BanooUNKNOWN TDR Diagnostics Evaluation Expert Panel
Jun 23, 2010·BMC Pediatrics·Harriet Nuwagaba-BiribonwohaElaine J Abrams
Jan 8, 2011·AIDS and Behavior·Amin S HassanJames A Berkley
Mar 10, 2012·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Kara M PalamountainGonzalo J Domingo
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Oct 4, 2013·BMC Public Health·Mercy G ChiduoTerese L Katzenstein
Jun 17, 2014·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Ilesh V JaniTrevor F Peter

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nucleic acid amplification
PCR

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