Policy responses to reduce single-use plastic marine pollution in the Caribbean

Marine Pollution Bulletin
C Andrea ClaytonIssahaku Adam

Abstract

Caribbean economies depend heavily on a healthy marine ecosystem, but the region includes ten of the top global marine polluters per capita. Regional marine pollution is driven by illegal plastic waste dumping due to poor waste management systems with limited recycling, and weak enforcement. Governments recognize the impacts of marine debris on their social and economic well-being and have responded with policies to curb plastic pollution. Most focus on bans of single-use plastic and polystyrene, which comprises ~80% of Caribbean marine litter. However, there is little comparative analysis of policy responses to determine their efficacy. This paper reviews current policies in 13 English-speaking Caribbean countries, exploring tools used and process of implementation. Eleven have introduced legislative policies, with seven including fines and penalties for non-compliance. All successful policies involve multiple tools, including primary stakeholder engagement, sufficient lead time between policy announcement and implementation, and extensive public education campaigns.

References

Feb 14, 2015·Science·Jenna R JambeckKara Lavender Law
Aug 5, 2017·Science Advances·Roland GeyerKara Lavender Law
Jul 26, 2018·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Luís Gabriel Antão BarbozaLúcia Guilhermino
Nov 2, 2018·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Samaneh KarbalaeiMatthew Cole
Dec 7, 2018·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Riley E J SchnurrTony R Walker
Jan 29, 2019·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Isabel Acosta-ColeyJesus Olivero-Verbel
Jul 10, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Joana C PrataTeresa Rocha-Santos
Aug 20, 2019·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Samaneh KarbalaeiAli Karami
Nov 9, 2019·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Samaneh KarbalaeiAli Karami
Jun 13, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Joana C PrataTeresa Rocha-Santos
Sep 19, 2020·Science·Stephanie B BorrelleChelsea M Rochman

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Citations

May 6, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yung-Li WangHui-Wen Chiu
Jul 8, 2021·International Journal of Consumer Studies·Robert KitzJanet Music
Aug 10, 2021·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Arnaldo Mailes NetoElen B A V Pacheco

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