Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) in e-waste plastic in Nigeria

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Omotayo SindikuStaffan Lundstedt

Abstract

Plastics from cathode ray tube (CRT) casings were sampled in Nigeria and analysed for their polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PBDD/F) content. PBDD/Fs, consisting mainly of PBDFs, were detected in BFR containing plastic with a median (mean) concentration of 18,000 ng/g (41,000 ng/g). The PBDD/Fs levels were highest in samples containing PBDEs, but the levels of PBDFs were two orders of magnitude higher than the levels reported in the technical PBDE mixtures and where frequently exceeding 1000 μg/g of PBDE content. These higher levels are likely to arise from additional transformation of PBDEs during production, use, recycling, or storage, but the processes responsible were not identified in this study. PBDD/Fs in CRT casings containing1,2-bistribromophenoxyethane (TBPE) were dominated by tetrabrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin (TBDDs) with concentrations around 10 μg/g of the TBPE content. The PBDD/Fs in CRT casings containing tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) were found at concentrations around 0.1 μg/g of TBBPA levels. Casings treated with TBPE or TBBPA often contained PBDEs (and PBDF) as impurities-probably originating from recycled e-waste plastics. It was estimated that the 237,000 t of CRT casings stockpiled in Niger...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 21, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Roland WeberJohn Vijgen
Jun 22, 2016·The Science of the Total Environment·Tyler MalkoskeHongtao Wang
Jul 27, 2014·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Omotayo SindikuRoland Weber
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Nov 9, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Alwyn R Fernandes, Jerzy Falandysz
May 5, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Jia ShenMinghui Zheng

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