Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Brain: An Update on Structural and Functional Studies.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Basak Ozgen Saydam, Bulent Okan Yildiz

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of women in reproductive age and is associated with reproductive, endocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular, and psychological outcomes. All these disorders are thought to be affected by central mechanisms which could be a major contributor in pathogenesis of PCOS. This mini-review discusses the relevance of central nervous system imaging modalities in understanding the neuroendocrine origins of PCOS as well as their relevance to understanding its comorbidities. Current data suggest that central nervous system plays a key role in development of PCOS. Decreased global and regional brain volumes and altered white matter microstructure in women with PCOS is shown by structural imaging modalities. Functional studies show diminished reward response in corticolimbic areas, brain glucose hypometabolism, and greater opioid receptor availability in reward-related regions in insulin-resistant patients with PCOS. These structural and functional disturbances are associated with nonhomeostatic eating, diminished appetitive responses, as well as cognitive dysfunction and mood disorders in women with PCOS. Structural and functional brain imaging is an emerging modality in under...Continue Reading

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