Polylactic acid composites incorporating casein functionalized cellulose nanowhiskers

Journal of Biological Engineering
Jin Gu, Jeffrey M Catchmark

Abstract

Polylactic acid (PLA) is considered to be a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based polymers for many applications. Using cellulose fiber to reinforce PLA is of great interest recently due to its complete biodegradability and potential improvement of the mechanical performance. However, the dispersion of hydrophilic cellulose fibers in the hydrophobic polymer matrix is usually poor without using hazardous surfactants. The goal of this study was to develop homogenously dispersed cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) reinforced PLA composites using whole milk casein protein, which is an environmentally compatible dispersant. In this study, whole milk casein was chosen as a dispersant in the PLA-CNW system because of its potential to interact with the PLA matrix and cellulose. The affinity of casein to PLA was studied by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging. CNWs were functionalized with casein and used as reinforcements to make PLA composites. Fluorescent staining of CNWs in the PLA matrix was implemented as a novel and simple way to analyze the dispersion of the reinforcements. The dispersion of CNWs in PLA was improved when casein was present. The mechanical properties of the composites were studied experimentally. Compared to pure...Continue Reading

References

Jun 6, 2003·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Emily A SmithRobert M Corn
Oct 13, 2006·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Betsy VaiaThom Huppertz
Oct 24, 2007·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Shuping Dong, Maren Roman
Oct 22, 2008·Journal of Biological Engineering·Vivek VermaJeffrey M Catchmark
Jan 10, 2009·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science·Yan Liu, Rong Guo
Apr 23, 2009·Biophysical Journal·Tomomitsu OzekiWilliam O Hancock
May 14, 2011·Chemical Society Reviews·Robert J MoonJeff Youngblood
Feb 13, 2013·Carbohydrate Polymers·Jin GuDouglas D Archibald

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
quartz crystal microbalance
electron microscopy
chips
chip
scanning

Software Mentioned

Origin
Peakfit
SPR

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